Growing your own cannabis can be an enriching and exciting experience. However, it’s essential to understand the different stages of cannabis plant growth to ensure your plants reach their full potential. Generally, a cannabis plant will go through four distinct growth stages: germination, vegetative, pre-flowering/transition, and flowering. Each stage has unique characteristics and requirements that must be met for a successful harvest.
Germination Stage (3-10 days)
Germination is the first stage of growth, where the seed germinates and sends out its first root. When selecting seeds for your germination, ensure they are dry and free of mold or mildew. You should also select mature seeds, as immature ones may not germinate properly.
Once the seed has germinated, place it into a medium such as soil, coco coir, or rockwool cube and keep it moist but not overly wet. The ideal temperature for germination is between 72-86°F (22-30°C), so keep the medium at this temperature range. Once the cannabis plant has germinated, it’s time to move on to the vegetative stage.
Seedling Stage (2-3 weeks)
The second stage of cannabis growth is the seedling stage. This is when the plant begins to develop its leaves and stems, as well as the roots which will provide the necessary nutrients for it to grow. The stage starts about 2-3 weeks after germination and ends when the plant starts forming its pre-flowers, signaling that it is ready to transition into the flowering stage.
At this stage, you should ensure your plant is getting adequate light, nutrients, and air circulation to develop strong roots and stems. The ideal temperature range for the seedling stage is between 68-86°F (20-30°C).
Vegetative Stage (3-16 weeks)
After the seedling stage, your cannabis plant will enter the vegetative stage. This is when it will begin to stretch and grow leaves, stems, and roots in preparation for flowering. The length of this stage depends on environmental factors such as light cycles and temperature. However, the stages start around 3-8 weeks and can last up to 16 weeks.
During the vegetative stage, it is essential to ensure your plants have access to sunlight or artificial lighting that simulates the sun’s rays. Sunlight is vital at this stage because it helps the plant convert energy into food for growth. Additionally, you should keep a temperature range between 68-86°F (20-30°C) and maintain high humidity levels.
Once your cannabis plants have grown to their full size, they will enter the pre-flowering/transition stage. The plant will start producing pre-flowers that indicate it is ready to enter its flowering stage. This stage usually lasts between 3-4 weeks, during which time the cannabis plant will prepare itself for flowering and produce the male and female reproductive organs necessary for successful pollination.
During the pre-flowering/transition stage, ensure your plant receives the same light and temperature as during the vegetative stage. Additionally, it’s vital to lower humidity levels to around 50% because high humidity can inhibit growth and increase the risk of fungal infections.
Flowering Stage (8-11 weeks)
The final stage of cannabis growth is the flowering stage. This is when the plant will begin to produce buds rich in the cannabinoids and terpenes responsible for its effects. Depending on the strain, this stage can last anywhere from 8-11 weeks.
You should reduce your light exposure to about 12 hours a day during this period to encourage bud development. The ideal temperature range for this stage is between 68-77°F (20-25°C). Additionally, humidity levels should be kept low to prevent mold and mildew from forming on the buds.
Once the flowering stage is complete, it’s time to harvest cannabis plants! This process involves removing the buds from the plant and drying them before consuming or selling them. With proper care and attention, you can ensure that your cannabis plants reach their full potential.
